With the weight off the rear axle, try moving the wheel up and down forward and back... if the outer bearing is excessively worn it will have a lot of movement at the axle housing...If the bearing or bushing gets heavily worn it can allow the axle to bind and something will eventually break...
It is possible to over power an axle and break it with torque... but on a tractor, it is usually an overload on a failing part that causes a break.
Tractors have a lot of traction, you can put a huge load on the axle bearings when pulling or heavy accelerating, and with any heavy load...
but if a bearing is failing, you can usually discover the failure before it causes additional damage... :smile:KennyV